![]() The drones have two reproductive functions. There is much debate in the scientific literature about the dynamics and apparent benefit of the combined forms of reproduction in honey bees and other social insects. This process is also called arrhenotokous parthenogenesis or simply arrhenotoky. The result is a haploid egg, with chromosomes having a new combination of alleles at the various loci. The word "meiosis" comes from the Greek meioun, meaning "to make smaller," since it results in a reduction in chromosome number. This division process is also called meiosis. Drones carry only one type of allele because they are haploid (containing only one set of chromosomes from the mother) thus, they are also called hemizygous.ĭuring the queen's egg developing process, a diploid cell with 32 chromosomes divides to generate haploid cells called gametes with 16 chromosomes. All the forms of a gene that might occur at a locus of a chromosome are called alleles. The specific place on a chromosome where particular genes are found is called a locus. The drones that develop, therefore, share a very similar genetic makeup to their mother.Īll chromosomes contain hereditary units called genes. Honey bees are a haplo-diploid species, in which drones have haploid cells and workers and queens have diploid cells. Unfertilized eggs are haploid in origin, which means that they contain only 16 chromosomes from their mother. Drones develop only from unfertilized eggs. ![]() Honey bee eggs hatch regardless of whether they are fertilized. The size of the brood cell may influence the queen's behavior. It is not clearly understood what prompts a honey bee queen to lay an unfertilized egg versus a fertilized egg. ![]() Drone genetics See also: Haplodiploid sex-determination system
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